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The Education System in India

Like everything else in India, education system exists in a state of stark contrasts. On one hand India has earned a reputation globally for its many unique world class institutions that churn out quality engineers and technicians every year & on the other hand its still a developing economy status with a large percentage of its rural population illiterate & poor. The education system is heavily influenced by the British system. The education system in India is attained either through government-sponsored schools, private schools. Standardized tests are a common feature of the education system of India.

Education in India is monitored by the state governments. The literacy rate is higher among the urban population than among the rural based population. Between men and women, literacy is very prominent among men then women in certain states. But there are also some states like Kerala that boasts of over 90% percent literacy.

· Education at the primary level is free and subsidized by the state governments. Funding for the schools come from different sources such as government, local bodies, and private funds.

· The Department of Higher Education and the Department of School Education and Literacy in India oversees all levels of education, from the primary level to higher education.

· Languages of instruction( over 25): Hindi, English, Malayalam, Gujarati, Telugu, Tamil, Urdu etc..

· Duration of compulsory education is from 6 years of age to 14

· Classes start from July to April with a long vacation from July 15 to July 15

Structure of Education in India

Pre primary

· Composed of Lower Kindergarten and Higher Kindergarten

· Students are taught priAprily reading and writing skills

General Education

Primary

· For children six to eleven years of age

· Classes are organized from one through five grades

Middle School

· For children eleven to fourteen years of age

· Classes are organized from six to eighth grade

Secondary

· For children fourteen to sixteen years of age

· Provided by Secondary School and graduates are awarded a Secondary School Certificate

· Classes are organized from ninth to tenth grade

Senior Secondary

· For children sixteen to eighteen years of age

· Provided by Higher Secondary Schools and graduates are awarded a Higher Secondary School Certificate

· Classes are organized from eleventh to twelfth grade

Vocational Secondary

· For children sixteen to eighteen years of age

· Provided by Secondary Schools and graduates are awarded a Certificate of Vocational Education

· Program lasts for two years and most graduates enter employment after completion.

Higher Education

· Provides students the opportunity to specialize in a particular field

· Offered in technical schools, colleges, and universities in India

o University Level First Stage: Bachelor

o University Level Second Stage: Master’s Degree

o University Level Third Stage: Master of Philosophy, PhD

o University Level Fourth Stage: Doctor of Science (DSc), Doctor of Literature (Dlitt)

Non-traditional Studies

· Distance higher education

· Lifelong higher education

Other forms of non-formal higher education

· One-year certificate courses and two to three-year diploma courses in various technical and commercial fields

· Conducted by industrial training institutes and polytechnics administered through the state departments of technical education

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