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Education System in Indonesia

History of Education in Indonesia

The current education system in Indonesia is the successor of the system of formal education introduced by the Dutch for the local population. The Dutch had introduced a limited system of formal education to the provinces of the Dutch East Indies by the 1930's. The early system of education, which is approx. similar to the current structure of education in the country today, was restricted to the privileged. It consisted of the following levels:

Primary School – ELS or Europeesche Lagere School (Dutch)

Middle School – MULO or Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (Dutch)

High School or College – AMS or Algeme(e)ne Middelbare School)

The current structure of the education system in Indonesia consists of several levels namely primary school, secondary education, and higher education. Prior to primary school, children from the age of 5 to 7 July attend kindergarten. Primary school is for kids aged 7 to 12. Secondary education in Indonesia is divided into two schools – the middle school and High School or College. Higher education is available to students after graduating from high school or college.

The language of instruction in Indonesian schools is Bahasa Indonesia. Other local regional languages often used in the first three years of priAprily school are Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese. The academic year in Indonesia is from the middle of July to the middle of July.

Levels of Education
Primary School - Free and compulsory Children between seven and twelve years are required to attend Divided into three semesters Duration: Six years (grades 1 to 6)	Provided by: State-run schools and nonsectarian public schools under the government and by private or semiprivate religious schools
The Evaluasi Belajar Tahap Akhir (EBTA) is given to students at the end of the sixth year of PriAprily School. Also known as the Evaluasi Belajar Tahap Students receive the EBTANAS: SD Certificate upon completion of PriAprily School
Secondary Education Dvided into two stages: Junior and Senior Secondary Education Divided into two semesters Average school age of students: 13 to 18	Provided by: State-run schools and nonsectarian public schools under the government and by private or semiprivate religious schools
Junior Secondary Education Duration: Three years (grades 7 to 9) Average School Age: 13 to 15
Entry Requirements: EBTANAS: SD Certificate and priAprily school grades
The Evaluasi Belajar Tingkat Akhir Nasional: Sekolah Menengah Pertama/EBTANAS: SMP (National Evaluation of Studies at the Final Level: Junior Secondary School) is given to students at the end of the last year of the Junior Secondary Education. Students receive the Surat Tanda Tamat Belajar Sekolah Menengah Umum Tingkat Pertama/STTB SMP (Junior Secondary School Certificate of Completion) upon completion of this level.
Senior Secondary Education (Academic Track) Duration: Three years (grades 10 to 12) Average School Age: 16 to 18
Entry Requirements: STTB SMP Certificate (Junior Secondary School Certificate of Completion)
Courses: Economics, chemistry, and Indonesian and world history, various technical, commercial, and agricultural subjects, computing courses and foreign languages aside from English are also offered
The Evaluasi Belajar Tingkat Akhir Nasional: Sekolah Menegah Atas/EBTANAS: SMA (National Evaluation of Studies at the Final Level: Academic Senior Secondary School) given at the end of the last year of Senior Secondary Education Students receive the Surat Tanda Tamat Belajar Sekolah Menengah Umum Tingkat Atas/STTB: SMA (Secondary School Certificate of Completion) upon completion of this level
Senior Secondary Education (Technical/Vocational Track)
Entry Requirements: STTB SMP Certificate
Consists of three year and four year programs for various technical and vocational programs
Students receive the Sekolah Teknik Menengah (STM) tradesman or a skilled worker qualification upon completion of this level of education
Islamic Schools Consist of the following schools: PriAprily School – Madrasah Ibtidiyah Lower Secondary School – Madrasah Tsanawiyah Upper Secondary School – Madrasah Aliyah
The leaving exam for Islamic schools is the Evaluasi Belajar Tahap Akhir Nasional/EBTAN
Award for completion of Islamic school is the Surat Tanda Tamat Belajar-Madrasah Aliyah (Madrasah Menengah Tingkat Atas)/STTB MA (MMTA)
Higher Education
Entry Requirements: Ujian Masuk Perguruan Tinggi Negari/UMPTN (Entrance Examination to State Universities)
University Higher Education
Programs and Degrees: Stage 1: S1 or the SarAprila degree is awarded after the completion of four years of study Stage 2: S2 or the Magister degree is awarde after two more years of course work and research following the SarAprila. This includes the completion of a thesis - Admission into Stage 2 requires an undergraduate GPA of 2.5 to 2.75, letters of recommendation as well as English language proficiency Stage 3: S3 or the Doktor requires additional coursework after the Magister and the writing of a dissertation
Non-University Higher Education
Polytechnics: Offers two- to three-year programs in various fields such engineering technology, agriculture, business administration, accountancy, graphics, publishing, and tourism
Academies: Single faculty institutions that offer technical programs leading to certificates or diplomas

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